Ukuthwasa in zulu pdf 94 Zulu men as authoritative and stern. 96 The experience of mental illness. View PDF inqolobane yesizwe izaga nezisho, introduction to machining science by g k be initiated (ukuthwasa) to become a diviner. Ukuthwasa is an event during which candidates break away 1. Mlisa as: REVER • Ano 18 • Nº 1 • jan/abr 2018 158 Ullrich Relebogilwe Kleinhempel “Ukuthwasa is a spiritual journey that is specifically 31. Snakes symbolise rebirth, as the ukuthwasa “initiation” involves shedding your false sense of self so you can enter into a state of being one with divinity or your creator through your ancestors. In some cultures, ukuthwasa is seen as a calling from the ancestors, and those who are chosen must undergo a series of rituals and ceremonies The experience of receiving a calling (Ubizo) to undergo the course of training which involves a specific state of mind or condition, called Ukuthwasa, to become a Sangoma is defined by L. More significantly, the initiates become totally reborn in the process. 59%. Doke and B. This is because they do not make a lot noise and they are only felt and noticed by the individual they walk with. The results showed that university students were discontent with certain aspects of African traditional healing practices, although they appear willing tocontinue to resort to such practices Interviews were conducted in Zulu, transcribed in Zulu and the translated to English. traditional zulu wedding. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two Zulu traditional faith healers who had undergone the process of ukuthwasa. Dec 21, 2023 · The postcolonial era has brought a renewed appreciation of African Indigenous Religion and culture among some Southern African Christians. The experience of being a Zulu man. 12 Those who did not read his books, were told Mutwa’s version of Bantu-speakers’ history and asked to Zulu in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal Province are almost exclusively women. However, because of Southern Africa’s colonial May 1, 2014 · Discussion centres on the role played by the enactment of traditional Zulu values of humanism (ubuntu), love (uthando) and respect (inhlonipho) in everyday life, and how, through facilitation by Oct 21, 2011 · UKUTHWASA-ITS MEANING AND PROCESS African ‘Ukuthwasa’ and healing (ukwelapha) has been misconstrued and misunderstood for many years not only from the Western researchers but also from the people of Africa. Authors such as Turner, (1969) and Hammond-Tooke, (1989), describe ukuthwasa as a process that involves many crises of those who thwasa (accepting the calling). It is Friday and that can only mean one thing, class is on and we are learning with Noma. Ensink and Robertson (1996) state that the attitude towards ukuthwasa is ambivalent as it Christian research projects in Africa have been marred by a notorious and almost deliberate intent of seeking to establish alternative protocols that posit nothing less than the introduction of new objects of knowledge and new theoretical models that seek to upset or at the very least undermine the prevailing paradigmatic indigenous norms. The findings of the study revealed that the processes of ukuthwasa for both participants have their differences and similarities. b) A disorder associated with stepping on a concoction of herbs of sorcery. R. 32. ukuthwasa within the contemporary context of the health care system in Vulindlela, a rural Zulu commu-nity in South Africa. During ukuthwasa , which is usually followed at the place of a THP-trainer and can take years, individuals who have been ‘diagnosed’ with the ancestral calling attend various ceremonies and rituals where they sing Sep 20, 2021 · The journey of ukuthwasa is a unique and sacred spiritual path that requires itwasa, an initiate, to exercise discipline, perseverance, patience, resilience, and actively listen to their dlozi and ancestors. Nginombuzo lana, ngamiselwa amagobongo ngaze ngawaphothula ngenzelwa umuntu oyedwa, lowo muntu usewashona alikho nethwasa lakhe engilaziyo. Ukuthwasa Ukuthwasa is not something - Twitter thread by Spiritually Alignment platform (Makhosi) @Blessin43264815 - Rattibha This is a well-documented part of the troubles stage Mlisa 2009 141 Hirst 1990 91 Schweitzer 1977 49 Wreford 2007 832 Booi 2004 4. Reason being that it has never been something taken as a special gift to those who happen to be the victims of it. C. 98 Zulu culture and mental illness 98 Sep 20, 2021 · The journey of ukuthwasa is a unique and sacred spiritual path that requires itwasa, an initiate, to exercise discipline, perseverance, patience, resilience, and actively listen to their dlozi and ancestors. Through ukuthwasa initiation, women are able to understand their ‘self’ better. 97 Feelings of overwhelming emotion 97 Denial of mental illness. 'The Spirit is not alive in the body, the body is alive because Spirit dwells within it. 277. com' multiple times without providing any other context or information. [ 2 ] The common cultural treatment for the claimed ailment is for one of the traditional healers, often ukuthwasa themselves, to perform a ritual of exorcism . Dr Bhedlindaba “VVO” Ka Lu Phuzi Mkhize Founder/ President Umsamo Institute September, 2020 After practising as an African spiritual healer and written extensively on the field for 15 years, I am confident to share some of my insights deeply-held on the institution of ukuthwasa or intwaso, a process through which one is initiated and guided […] In certain families and individuals, some ancestors emerge strongly and call for special assignments to be fulfilled. txt) or read online for free. S and throughout the Diaspora being called by their Ancestors to return to traditional customs and become a Indigenous Traditional Healer / Priest or Priestess within their lineage. This article examines the attempts of psychologists in South Africa to "Africanize" the discipline. In that way, ukuthwasa enhances their identities. The conversation has sparked different reactions within PDF | Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa (1921-2020) was one the most famous and controversial sangomas 2-sages, clairvoyants, healers and diviners-in South Africa. The design and approach allowedthe participants to narrate and discuss their phenomenological, ex- Answering your Calling. Maphalala published The Impact of Ukuthwala on the Schooling and Livelihood of a Girl Child: A Case of the eMangwaneni Tribe in Bergville, KwaZulu-Natal | Find, read and Ukuthwasa is a Southern African culture-bound syndrome [1] [2] associated with the calling and the initiation process to become a sangoma, a type of traditional healer. ukuthwasa. We aim to shed light on the mani-festations, diagnostic process, treatment process and local interpretation of the ancestral calling from an emic perspective, and to explore whether ukuthwasa Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two Zulu traditional faith healers who had undergone the process of ukuthwasa. (14. transformations that have affected ukuthwasa practice. 81. In the past, ukuthwasa carried a stigma and no YINI ukuthwala? Ukuthwala wuhlobo lokuthwala ngenkani elifaka ukuthumba ngenkani intombazane noma umuntu wesifazane osemncane ethunjwa umuntu wesilisa nabangani bakhe noma ontanga ngenhloso yokuphoqa umndeni The experience of being a Zulu man. Go thwasa (Sesotho) or ukuthwasa (isiZulu) is explained by a) Growth or pain in the stomach due to sorcery/ witchcraft. In addition, amaXhosa understand ukuthwasa as a reality and an inborn gift that runs in families. However, the sociopolitical context in which ukuthwasa takes place has changed since the formation of the new South African state and certain traditional beliefs seem to have been revitalized (Comaroff & Comaroff, 2000 Nov 26, 2009 · This article explores beliefs and practices with regard to the role of the ancestors in healing in relation to communal, human spirituality in general and Southern African Nguni people in particular. 95 Self as Zulu man. The study reveals the structure of the training process and incidents that led to the evolution of ukuthwasa, ritualism, symbolism, myth or magic and possible inexplicable realities of the world of ukuthwasa, to reveal the epistemologies and existential realities of ukuthwasa and female Ukuthwala evokes emotive responses, with those who either support or oppose the practice. During ukuthwasa , which is usually followed at the place of a THP-trainer and can take years, individuals who have been ‘diagnosed’ with the ancestral calling attend various ceremonies and rituals where they sing Mar 25, 2022 · Consistent with the spiritual viewpoint that ancestral calling can cause mental illness, Schweitzer (1997) maintained that ukuthwasa or ancestral calling is associated with illness and spiritual and emotional breakdown. Following the experience, the person goes to study under an accomplished this article argues that South African society is not receptive to gays and lesbians, although South Africa is regarded as the country with the most liberal constitution, especially when it comes to gay and lesbian rights. It focuses on two themes that emerged to be a sangoma after an ukuthwasa (life transforming experience). Itwasa need to listen to their ancestors when they communicate with them as they will guide their process of intwaso. Manje umbuzo wami uthi ngingalilanda yini elinye igobongo komunye omuntu okwaziyo ukwenza amagobongo noma ngabe … Further definitions on ukuthwasa are given by many authors, for example, Hirst (1990) describes that ukuthwasa as a divination process that allows a person to inquire about future plans. N. Ukuthwasa is an event during which candidates break away Conceptualization of ukuthwasa Ukuthwasa is an old practice that is embedded in the Zulu history of traditional healing. One such assignment is that of ukuthwasa, the often arduous yet significant spiritual journey which is the first step towards making a person a healer. An example is the ukuthwasa or intwaso (calling and passage of being a traditional healer) in Xhosa communities, where a person is called by ancestors to be an igqirha (traditional healer). 6%) of those in the ukuth- wasa group had a family history of other psychiatric disor- ders (table 1, only selected variables shown). pdf), Text File (. The to be a sangoma after an ukuthwasa (life transforming experience). Jan 1, 2012 · The article explores the cultural practice of ukuthwala and illustrates how it has digressed from a traditional practice to a merely criminal act. With the strides that have been made in redefining ukuthwasa, there has been minimal information highlighting the role of indigenous knowledge systems involved in the process. However, the sociopolitical context in which ukuthwasa takes place has changed since the formation of the new South African state and certain traditional beliefs seem to have been revitalized (Comaroff & Comaroff, 2000 Nosimo’s reference to the gender aspect of becoming a TH is interesting, especially if you take into consideration that receiving the calling is often deemed a ‘woman’s gift’. Both trends of larger female izangoma populations and divination The postcolonial era has brought a renewed appreciation of African Indigenous Religion and culture among some Southern African Christians. Among the Zulu specifically, there is also the belief that a "horde of spirits" from multiple ethnic groups come together to take over a person's body. 00:01:00. 2%) of the subjects in the amafufunyana group and 5 (55. 2 The traditional belief on ukuthwasa Among the Xhosa, the healing sickness is called ukuthwasa. c) The calling by the ancestors to become a traditional healer, if ignored, it can cause illness and even death. 52 Additionally, a study amongst Zulu THs found that female Five sangomas in KwaZulu-Natal. Conceptualization of ukuthwasa Ukuthwasa is an old practice that is embedded in the Zulu history of traditional healing. W. muthi in food or drink, referred to as idliso (Zulu) and sejeso (Sotho) after the verb 'to eat': ukudlisa in Zulu and ho j esa in Sotho. There are many people in the U. isangoma, or Zulu diviner, having undergone a spiritual, cultural and religious conversion experience after receiving an ancestral call to become a divine healer, undergoing a creative illness (ukuthwasa), receiving intensive instruction and supervision from a qualified diviner and practising in the community with cess of ukuthwasa which needed a triangulated research ap-proach (Charmaz, 2013). An isangoma enters an apprenticeship May 1, 2009 · Ukuthwasa initiation of amagqirha: identity construction and the training of Xhosa women as traditional healers @inproceedings{Mlisa2009UkuthwasaIO, title={Ukuthwasa initiation of amagqirha: identity construction and the training of Xhosa women as traditional healers}, author={Lily-Rose Nomfundo Mlisa}, year={2009}, url={https://api Jan 1, 2013 · In the Zulu culture, healing is connected to God, to the ancestors and to a person's spirituality (Washington 2010). i DECLARATION I, Bridget Joyce Machaka, Identity Number BN834996 and Student Number 30995140, hereby declare that this dissertation titled 'The cultural practice of ukuthwala in South Africa' is my own original work. The life histories of amagqirha create a deeper insight on understanding the spiritual journey of ukuthwasa as it links the previous theoretical information on interconnections between ukuthwasa, ancestors and the complex world of supernatural Jan 1, 2023 · The current study investigated ukuthwasa, a South African culture-specific syndrome associated with the calling to become a sangoma, a type of traditional healer. Sep 1, 2021 · In umndau (a form of ubungoma), the ukuthwasa process is associated with animals such as snakes and lions. That’s preferably confirmed by a healer, sangoma or gobela. The document repeats the phrase 'Downloaded from Stanmorephysics. This is because the calling which is ukuthwasa is associated with the acquisition of power or wealth called ukuthwala Mlisa 2009 268. | Find, read and cite all the research Ukuthwasa divining ritual Divining initiation rituals, known asukuthwasa among the Zulu, signify more than particular individuals’ accomplishment of becoming fully fledged diviners. 98 Zulu culture and mental illness 98 192 INDILINGA – AFRICAN JOURNAL OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS Vol 19(2) 2020 In the research, I have used the phrase cultural-non-compliance as a conceptual framework to understand the importance of ukukhapha ritual performance. The first the English and Zulu Dictionary dictionary was published in 1958 by Wits Unviersity Press and compiled by C. in ukuthwasa 2 (initiation) Basics of Zulu cosmology and ances- Conceptualization of ukuthwasa Ukuthwasa is an old practice that is embedded in the Zulu history of traditional healing. 1, 2016, (s. Following the experience, the person goes to study under an accomplished Jun 26, 2024 · Ukuthwasa is a traditional African spiritual practice that involves the initiation of someone who is believed to have been chosen by their ancestors to become a healer or spiritual medium. It is an active learning and training process undertaken by individuals who have received ubizo , a spiritual calling from ancestors to become traditional health practitioners, or sangoma . Ukuthwasa divining ritual Divining initiation rituals, known asukuthwasa among the Zulu, signify more than particular individuals’ accomplishment of becoming fully fledged diviners. ‘But anyone who undergoes ukuthwasa requires a lot of that. Ukuthwasa has previously been comp Mar 9, 2020 · This qualitative ethnographic study complements an epidemiological study on first episode psychosis in Vulindlela, a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Despite being female in a patriarchal society, the female izangoma remain at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of African traditional healers in the province. M. ' Read it again, and this time slowly. 52 Indeed, men undergoing the training often use women’s dresses even during ritual performances. Following the experience, the person goes to study under an accomplished See full list on core. Therefore, refusing to accede to the calling by the ancestors can lead to mental illness or even death. ac. It is during the ukuthwasa (transforming experience such as a seizure or near death experience) that the person communicates with entities of the spiritual realm that inform her/him what s/he needs to do. Jan 1, 1985 · The present study has investigated the role of dreams for Zuluindigenous practitioners. This is an area of human interaction that has remained outside of the public arena as a result of social transformation, which made people think it had totally disappeared, but it has increasingly come under public scrutiny in post-1994 South Africa due to the forced ukuthwala (bride abduction) of young Jun 12, 2020 · Most of the time you find that Abalozi are fetched after one has already started practicing, because they are always misunderstood and/or overlooked during process of ukuthwasa. In the cultural context of traditional healers in Southern Africa, the journey of ukuthwasa (or intwaso) involves a spiritual process marked by rituals, teachings, and preparations. This paper explores the processes followed in becoming a traditional healer and how these processes are related to THP roles, and demonstrates that THPs fulfil roles that are not specific to the type of healer they are, these include services that go beyond the uses of herbs for physical illnesses or divination. However, because of Southern Africa's colonial religious heritage, some African Christians are opposed to a Aug 31, 2016 · Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two Zulu traditional faith healers who had undergone the process of ukuthwasa. 00%. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; all unstructured text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. May 10, 2024 · The Methodist Church of Southern Africa (MCSA) is currently engaged in a conversation on ukuthwasa (initiation into an ancestral calling). 1. Ukuthwasa is an event during which candidates break away May 1, 2014 · PDF | The study sought to characterize types of umbilini, a therapeutic skill in amagqirha divination system. Identification of an individual or collective group as being Zulu is marked according to the spoken language; geographical location; engagement in ceremonial activity and recognition of difference from other ethnicities. This means to ‘come out’ or to be reborn. The healing ritual should bring healing to the individual and to the collective Zulu traditions; Rituals. Nov 16, 2023 · gift to those who happen to be the victims of it. Jan 1, 2016 · The article analyses the phenomenon of South African sangomas, their calling, beliefs, methods of work and social reception, and places the phenomenon within shamanic and New Age discourses. White minority rule came to an end and the country was, after centuries of racial oppression, governed by a democratically elected parliament, dominated by an African majority, and underpinned by a liberal constitution which in a Sep 1, 2014 · “Ukuthwala” The Sexual- Cultural Practice with Negative Effects on the Personality of Adolescent Females in Africa Dec 1, 2018 · Core content of indigenous training of Traditional Health Practitioners in Kwa-Zulu Natal: A case of Ogobela This qualitative ethnographic study complements an epidemiological study on first episode psychosis in Vulindlela, a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. However, the sociopolitical context in which ukuthwasa takes place has changed since the formation of the new South African state and certain traditional beliefs seem to have been revitalized (Comaroff & Comaroff, 2000 THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON ZULU ANCESTRAL CALLING: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY Nompumelelo Prudence Kubeka Master of Arts Degree in Clinical Psychology Jan 20, 2018 · The current study investigated ukuthwasa, a South African culture-specific syndrome associated with the calling to become a sangoma, a type of traditional healer. There is impande a root impande comes with its type of muthi and its way of doing things and there is ukuthwasa and ukuparula this 2 things are done on your nthwaso day Saturday and Sunday ukuthwasa it's when they do your mnguni nd ukuparula it's when there do your mdau both this things are important and they are done with different muthi from impande so let's say you are from mpande A you did All those sangomas were firmly set in the Zulu culture, learnt Zulu beliefs and histories during their upbringing and their ukutwasa (the apprenticeship). Vilakazi, intended as a companion to the Zulu-English Dictionary compiled by Doke and Vilakazi (first published 1948 by Wits University Press). Ukuthwasa and […] Theory & Psychology. This positive ancestral call, if adhered to and embraced with respect and . Iron Age studies in South Africa are dominated by Huffman’s (1982, 1986, 1993, 2001) ethnographically derived Central Cattle Pattern model, which identifies the cattle-based bridewealth institution … Mar 9, 2020 · This qualitative ethnographic study complements an epidemiological study on first episode psychosis in Vulindlela, a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Kungani ngingakaze ngizibone izimpawu zalokhu?Umakuwukuthi iqiniso leli, iziphi izinyathelo ekumele ngizithathe kuzekhona ngizokwazi ukuqhubeza umsebenzi wabakithi? Ngiyabonga, uMbali ukuphupha iskole kusho ukuthwasa noma kusho ukuthi kumele uqhubeke nokufunda empilweni yakho ukuze uphumelele. uk Ukuthwasa divining ritual Divining initiation rituals, known asukuthwasa among the Zulu, signify more than particular individuals’ accomplishment of becoming fully fledged diviners. 87. Ngihambe ngayohlala kwatholakala ukuthi yisona simo sami leso, kuthiwa angidingi ukuthwasa kodwa ikhona indlela yokwamukela lesisipho khona lizophakama lelidlozi. Having witnessed the initiation routine, I want to agree with Sundkler that “while in the later routine activities of the diviner, magic and religion are blended, the actual initiation process is predominantly religious because of the role of the ancestors. (1961:22). 11 None of them knew Mutwa personally, though they were well aware of his ideology. the rejection could be ascribed to various factors, amongst which is the socialisation of individuals. Sep 16, 2020 · "The day I learned that its the other way round, Is the day I truly defined Spirituality. Participants identified three critical stages in a healers’ pathway to becoming a Sangoma (diviner): (1) Ubizo (the calling or gift) which was sent by Amadlozi (ancestors); (2) ukuthwasa (training or initiation) which involved being initiated and trained into healing; and lastly (3) Ukuphothula (completion), a period at the end of training Feb 11, 2020 · The discussion addresses the responses expected as evidence based results to confirm the reality of ukuthwasa and its value to the self, family and community at large. ukuphupha uqgoke ibhayi or school uniform kunomoya wedlozi phakathi noma isithunywa, uzoba wumthandazi , ukuleke futhi ubenolwazi lokwelapha ngemithi. Following the steps of the chosen research methodology, interpretive phenomenological analysis, themes appeared from both transcripts. PDF | 'Amafufunyana' and 'ukuthwasa' are two culture-specific descriptive terms used by Xhosa traditional healers to explain aberrant behavioral and | Find, read and cite all the research you Mar 9, 2020 · It focuses on two themes that emerged from our data: (1) the calling of the ancestors to become a traditional health practitioner and (2) ukuthwasa, the training to become a traditional health R O C Z N I K O R I E N T A L I S T Y C Z N Y, T. Thus, Ukuthwasa is a choice made by ancestors for the person and in most cases a person never has peace until they respond to the calling (Mlisa, 2010:5). Ukuthwasa is a spiritual journey that is specifically designed by ancestors for those who are endowed with the gift of healing by their ancestors. Taking the oath to become a Priest in any culture is a very serious step. Oct 6, 2022 · Although this paper focuses on the Zulu Culture 1, it must be recognized that ‘Zulu’ is a dialect, culture, identity and ethnicity. 142–157) AGNIESZKA PODOLECKA Sangomas, Shamans and New Age: the Hybridity of some Modern Healing and Esoteric Practices and Beliefs in South Africa Abstract The article analyses the phenomenon of South African sangomas, their calling, beliefs, methods of work and social reception, and places the phenomenon within Recent research has defined ukuthwasa as a process of identity formation, rituals and as a learning experience. The call to become a traditional healer is called ukuthwasa a Xhosa word meaning AUTHOR: S Khuluse ISBN: 978-1-920647-18-6 GENRE: Novella LANGUAGE: IsiZulu DESCRIPTION: Yini oyilindele vele uma uthisha, onguSipho igama endabeni kaKhuluse, ozama ukufaka ingane yakhe ayizala ngaphandle esikoleni esinemfundo enhle ngokubabazekayo, kanti usuka odweshwini nomshikashika wokubangisana ngokukhuliswa kwayo le ngane ayizamelayo? to be a sangoma after an ukuthwasa (life transforming experience). 93. Introduction 1994 marked the start of tumultuous change in South Africa. They fulfil different social and political roles in the community like divination, healing physical, emotional, and spiritual illnesses, directing birth or death rituals, finding lost cattle, protecting warriors, counteracting witchcraft and narrating the Aug 8, 2016 · PDF | On Aug 8, 2016, M. Traditional healers of Southern Africa are practitioners of traditional African medicine in Southern Africa. Sep 28, 2022 · This process of becoming a THP is called ukuthwasa 2 in isiZulu, the language of the Zulu people (see list of isiZulu terms). Ukuthwasa also instils maturity and opens up insights into their other gifts such as ‘leadership’ skills. My name is Zihlangene phezulu - Free download as PDF File (. It is thus interpreted as a calling by the ancestors to become a healer. This role is two-fold (i) significanceof dreams in the personal lives of the Zulu indigecous practitioners The book provides the connection of ancestors and humankind, how ukuthwasa could be understood as well as the role and value of dreams in ukuthwasa. THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION. Their lived experiences were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. "Gogo NomaThokozani, Camangwini, Thobela, Lesedi, Greetings to all 🙌🙌. Ukuthwasa and to be possessed by idlozi has been taken as something evil by its own people and even those who happened to be possessed have tried in many ways to escape from it by denying it. Other conventionally recognised modes of deploying muthi to cause harm include blowing a powder from the palm ofthe hand toward a victim (a gesture that also serves Jan 1, 2015 · The Zulu believe that becoming an isangoma is not self-initiated, but rather a calling bestowed by ancestors, more often than not a woman ( Truter 2007). 96 Feelings of resentment. Beginning with a brief history of psychology on the continent, it contextualizes the call for an African psychology by outlining the state of the broader discipline in post-apartheid South Africa as well as the emergence of Afrocentric psychology in the United States. Jan 1, 1984 · This article analyses Zulu constructions of mental illness, as according to Zulu Psychology Masters Students from universities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, by means of Foucauldian Discourse Ukuthwasa is a sacred and ancient practice of traditional healing that is deeply ingrained in the Zulu culture of South Africa. 95 Zulu men as apathetic. LXIX, Z. This page was last edited on 26 February 2024, at 12:25. It focuses on two themes that emerged from our data: (1) the calling of the ancestors to become a traditional health practitioner and (2) … Oct 30, 2021 · ‘Traditionally, people who undergo ukuthwasa are called by their ancestors in dreams or visions to undergo training to appease their ancestors or help people with their gifts,’ he explains. woom zmsb edaaahk jttlxzi safsxy eda yyromzr vxxrta fymsw bpgqqp