Structure of virus pdf Elles font intervenir de nombreux partenaires cellulaires et sont la cible d’antirétroviraux. , has its linear genome enclosed in a tripartite shell consisting of two protein layers and an envelope, which is unusual for dsDNA viruses. The structure of enveloped viruses includes the capsid, envelope, peplomers, and nucleocapsid. e. General virus structure All viruses have a capsid or head region that contains its genetic material. information on which proteins form the capsid or the virus, as well as the nature of the viral genetic information and the sequence of the structural Some viruses are able to surround (envelop) themselves in a portion of the cell membrane of their host. . Virus ourlien c. Aug 29, 2020 · This document summarizes the structure and characteristics of three plant virus families: Geminiviridae, Virgaviridae, and Bromoviridae. • Each capsid is composed of protein subunits called capsomers. However, only icosahedral virions have been found within this symmetry. Viruses are smaller than prokaryotic cells ranging in size from 0. Smallpox virus is largest virus about 200 nm in diameter and Polio Virus is smallest virus about 28 nm in diameter. virus's capsid structure and whether or not it is Jul 24, 2021 · Virus Structure Is Defined by Capsid Symmetry and Presence or Absence of an Envelope. Viruses replicate or multiply only within living cells. Label parts A-D Virus life cycle A – G 13. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and consist of a single- or double-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein shell called a capsid; some viruses also have an outer envelope composed of lipids and proteins. bacteriophages: structure and properties of bacterial viruses Bacteriophage (phage) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery (pathmicro. The purpose of this study is to examine the existing evidence for hepatitis A screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Geminiviridae includes tomato yellow leaf curl virus, which has a twinned capsid structure and circular single-stranded DNA genome. The term virus was coined by Pasteur, and is from the Latin word for poison. Diagram the life cycle of a virus. The cryo-EM structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a is the first viroporin family structure determined Feb 1, 2018 · PDF | This book includes chapters on the evolution of plant viruses, genomic structure, diversity, plant–virus and vector–virus interactions, | Find, read and cite all the research you need Structure. 5. pdf; Also Read: SARS Several researchers have contributed their review articles to this issue and provided insight into virus structure, assembly, and function from different angles, ranging from capsid-targeting antivirals and neutralizing antibody interactions with virus capsid to the inherent asymmetry of otherwise highly symmetrical viral capsids and to the May 17, 2020 · This document discusses virus structure and classification. Capsids are rod-shaped or cubic-spherical protein structures. 1. 3 X-ray Crystallography 28 2. Other structures found with archaeal viruses include, as mentioned earlier, bottle-, lemon-, droplet-, and spindle-shapes. Unlike plant viruses, helical non-enveloped animal viruses do not exist. Virus de la Rougeole : lésions respiratoires b. Les étapes d’entrée, de rétrotranscription et d’intégration sont de mieux en mieux connues. Genome analysis is now used and has generally confirmed biologic work, although some strains (e. Draw or describe the principle structures and symmetries of viruses 2. (1) The virus consists of an RNA genome in 5 days ago · MIP 300 Key Concepts Study Guide Lecture 24: Virus Structure & Diseases Learning Outcomes -examples of things I expect you to be able to do: 1. 5 Tools Used for Virus Structure Research 26 2. studied indirectly by placing crystals of a pure virus preparation in an X-ray Jan 26, 2023 · FAQs on Structure of Viruses. Sep 26, 2021 · Editor's Notes #5: Polio virus – 30 nm , small pox virus / Variola – 300 – 400 nm FMD – 23 nm #6: Adenovirus – mild RT infection – common cold, ds DNA, iscosahedral,50 types , isolated from adenoids for first time Common cold – 200 different types of viruses 30-35 % - Rhinivirus (ssRNA) Mar 1, 2011 · Dengue virus: structure and viral cycle. Many plant viruses are filamentous, including TMV (tobacco mosaic virus). Viral nucleocapsids come in two basic shapes, although the overall appearance of a virus can be altered by the presence of an envelope, if present. Download full-text PDF. The capsid can be filamentous or rod-shaped, isometric or icosahedral, spherical or complex with an icosahedral head and helical tail. Introduction to viruses A virus consists of two or three parts: genes, made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information protein coat that protects the genes; and in some viruses, an envelope of fat Viruses vary in shape from the simple helical and icosahedral to more complex structures. g. Viruses do not grow. Jan 29, 2021 · PDF | The capsid (CA) protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is an essential structural component of a virion and facilitates many | Find, read and cite all the research you Poxviruses have traditionally been assigned to species on the basis of biologic criteria. An important role in the etiology of many of them is played by the viral factor, by oncogenic viruses, such as the Human Papillomavirus. Author content. The importance of the icosahedron arises because it can be built by at least using one asymmetric unit, which allows assembling virions in May 17, 2020 · This document discusses virus structure and classification. The Capsid Symmetry A- Helical Capsid Symmetry Nov 24, 2023 · Virus structure. A large number of animal viruses are based on helical symmetry, but they all have an outer lipid envelope influenza virus (Orthomyxoviridae), mumps and measles viruses (Paramyxoviridae), and rabies virus (Rhabdoviridae). Tobacco mosaic virus Oct 7, 2024 · The structures of polymerase L in complex with the cofactor P from various mononegaviruses, such as mumps virus (MuV), human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3), Ebola virus (EboV), vesicular ordinary microscope, viruses can be ob served directly only with the aid of the electron microscope. 2 days ago · Viral Infection ⦿ Most viruses are highly specific to the cells they infect. Structure of Viruses. The rising frequency of episodes has led to better disease management measures and vaccine development efforts worldwide [17,18,19,20,21]. Viruses are comprised of two important components a protein capsid covering the nucleic acid. Voies respiratoires aériennes : grippe, troubles mortels (sujet agé) 3. 2 Cryo-Electron Microscopy 27 2. 2. HAV Rate Aug 3, 2016 · In the process, students will learn about the criteria that scientists use to classify viruses, the characteristics of different viruses, and the global prevalence of viral infections. This chapter provides a discussion of the history of structural investigations in virology, an introduction to structure-based virus classification and principles of viral symmetry, and concludes with examples of selected viral protein structures of biomedical significance. Classification based on the structure or symmetry. sc. Describe three direct counting methods and two indirect counting methods used to enumerate viruses. A filamentous dsDNA virus that infects members of the archaeal genus Pyrobaculum, e. What is the shape and structure of a virus? Ans: The shape of the virus varies due to the structure of its capsid. pdf. • The first group is naked viruses or simple viruses, • The secod –envelope viruses or complex viruses. Details of these “breakthroughs” can be found in Hull (2002; plant viruses), Fenner, (2008; verte-brate viruses), and Ackermann (2008; bacterial viruses). Only bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) 1 and 2 are known to infect mesenchymal tissues and to show cross-species transmission. Electron-microscopic and chemical studies of the influenza virus and its components have indicated the following. All content in this area was uploaded by Jaime E. Poliovirus, Hepatitis A, Rabies virus, Influenza virus are examples of single-stranded RNA virus. Describe the classes of viruses based on genome structure. (a) Structure of HIV-1 gp120 (outer domain is shown in yellow and inner domain in gray) in complex with CD4 (green; pdb code 3JWD). Nov 23, 2024 · In general, the shapes of viruses are classified into four groups: filamentous, isometric (or icosahedral), enveloped, and head and tail. Structure of the Ebola virus glycopr otein Mar 16, 2012 · CD4 and CD4-mimicking antibody binding to the gp120 core. information on which proteins form the capsid or the virus, as well as the nature of the viral genetic information and the sequence of the structural HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is composed of two strands of RNA, 15 types of viral proteins, and a few proteins from the last host cell it infected, all surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Oct 22, 2017 · 4. Review Article; It forms a potassium-sensitive channel and may promote virus release. 3 Capsid Structure 22 2. Virus respiratoire syncytial : c bronchiques bronchiolite du NN HIV-2 codes for Vpx (virus protein x) instead of Vpu, which is partially responsible for the reduced pathogenicity of HIV-2 . • In some viruses, the capsid is covered by an envelope which usually consists of some combination of lipids, proteins and carbohy Virus Structure. Viruses range in size from 20 to 300 nanometres; it would take 30,000 to Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which by definition contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus-coded protein coat, which is packaged inside a symmetric protein capsid. Usually formed from a lipid bilayer taken from their host, into which the virus inserts its own glycoproteins (enveloped virus). Viruses Chapter 7 Viruses, Viroids and Prions Study of Viruses - Virology 5 some commonalities among viruses by asking a few simple questions about virus structure, function, and evolution. Learn about the history, types, and features of viruses. Read full-text. Several researchers have contributed their review articles to this issue and provided insight into virus structure, assembly, and function from different angles, ranging from capsid-targeting antivirals and neutralizing antibody interactions with virus capsid to the inherent asymmetry of otherwise highly symmetrical viral capsids and to the Sep 18, 2024 · In 1956, Crick and Watson proposed that viruses should have cubic symmetry, and hence, there should be viral particles with tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral geometries (1). It explores viral classification based on morphology and nucleic acid composition with a focus on DNA and RNA viruses, the SARS-CoV-2 structure including the structural as well as nonstructural proteins in detail, and the viral replication mechanisms. Viruses may be viewed This book contemplates the structure, dynamics and physics of virus particles: From the moment they come into existence by self-assembly from viral components produced in the infected cell, through their extracellular stage, until they recognise and infect a new host cell and cease to exist by losing their physical integrity to start a new infectious cycle. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites . This, of Virus Structure. Content uploaded by Jaime E. The major steps in reaching the current understanding of viruses are shown in the timeline in Figure 1. Fig. \\:norne '. Viruses are non-cellular infectious particles; they are not organisms as they are not considered to be alive; Viruses possess none of the characteristic features used for classifying organisms so they sit outside of the three-domain classification system Dec 25, 2017 · 4. Helical viruses have an elongated tube-like structure, with the capsomers arranged helically around the coiled genome. What type of organism does this virus infect? 12. Some viruses also possess a lipid envelope but the envelope is not a virus- mediated structure Outer coat or capsid: The outer structure of virus is Jan 1, 1996 · The helical structure of the rigid tobacco mosaic virus rod. Viruses can also be 48 by 11. Perhaps the best way to start is to ask "what is a virus?" Early attempts to define a virus have been fraught with contradictions and confusion. Isometric viruses have shapes that are roughly spherical, such as poliovirus or Dec 1, 2009 · structures, the TE structure was no t present in STNV [64], which sugge sts that the helper viruses and the satellites might have different evolutionary origins or might have adopted different Jul 14, 2020 · Viruses are so small that, they can be seen at magnifications provided by electron microscope. Ex: Plant viruses only infect _____ ⦿ Bacteriophages are viruses that infect _____ Ex: bacteriophage T4 ⦿ Viruses have two ways of infecting the host cell: -Lytic Infection -Lysogenic Infection Lytic Infection ⦿ _____ Cycle virus injects its nucleic acid into the _____ takes over the host cells metabolism The influenza viruses are characterized by segmented, negative-strand RNA genomes requiring an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of viral origin for replication. Paramyxovirus : troubles respiratoires mortel chez le NN. May 16, 2024 · Improvements in virus isolation and detection methods resulted in the discovery of several important human viruses. Nov 12, 2024 · Discover everything about viruses in this comprehensive guide: What is a virus, its unique structure and composition, classification types, and the viral life cycle. Viruses come in different shapes, from basic helical and icosahedral shapes to more intricate ones. Récemment, il a été démontré que les particules immatures des Poxviridae sont de forme sphérique, avec une symétrie icosaédrique. 3. Newcastle disease virus, Ebola virus, Norwalk virus, Bunyaviridae Host and signs of disease e. virus, Microscopic, simple infectious agent that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria. A la définition d’un virus est préférée la description de leurs principaux caractères tels qu’ils ont été établis par Lwoff : Structure spécifique - Un virus est constitué obligatoirement de 2 éléments de structure: Jul 3, 2017 · 21. 7 Summary 29 Study Questions 29 Viruses are a kind of “nanoparticle” existing in nature. Hepatocellular carcinoma which is Dec 26, 2024 · Virus, infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria. 3 micrometres. The article shows current epidemiological situation and describes the structure of the virus and modes of transmission. Together, these molecules allow the virus to infect cells of the immune system and force them to build new copies of the virus. , hepatitis B virus or the members of the picornavirus or parvovirus family, are orders of Veterinary Virology, 1987. Jan 1, 2024 · This book chapter presents a concise overview of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual 17,400-Da protein subunits (protomers) assemble in a helix with an Structure Because most viruses are extremely well adapted to their host organism, virus structure varies greatly. They contain either DNA or RNA and have a variety of shapes, sizes, and structures. Small viruses, e. Viruses had been grown only in plants and animals. Despite the diversity of size and shape of different viruses, the size and shape of anyone virus tend to be much Poxviruses have traditionally been assigned to species on the basis of biologic criteria. Tobacco mosaic virus Morphology of Viruses The chemical constituents described in the previous chapter are found in particles of diverse size and shape in the various viruses isolable from animals, bacteria, plants, and fungi. Electron-microscopic and chemical studies of the influenza virus and its components have indicated the following: the virus consists of an RNA genome in association with several types of protein enclosed within a lipoprotein envelope. In some virus types, they consist of multimeric units of only one polypeptide, in other cases Virus structure Viruses contain with nucleic acid and protective protein coat. 4 Roles of Virus Structure 26 2. 1 What is a Virus? Viruses are biological entities which possess a genome composed of either ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Mar 3, 2021 · The document summarizes key information about viruses, including their discovery, structure, and characteristics. 2 to 0. Virus sphérique, enveloppé de 60-220 nm, comprend de l’extérieur vers l’intérieur, la glycoprotéine Spike (S) (donne l’aspect en couronne au virus en microscopie électronique), l’enveloppe, la membrane et la nucléocapside elle-même, icosaédrique à symétrie cubique. Oncogenesis Several viruses are associated with human cancers. Measles virus, smallpox virus Name after the places where the disease first reported eg. E. These include: Epstein-Barr virus with lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nT= 1 (the smallest virus) (Tobacco necrosis virus satellite virus) –No independently replicating virus is known to consist of only 60 protein subunits (satellite viruses do!) • These viruses encode one coat protein but depend on co -infection with other viruses (helper viruses) to provide missing replicative functions • TNVS- Viruses replicate or multiply. Castellanos. Viruses have a capsid or envelope and replicate only inside living cells. Apr 1, 2022 · Viruses- Structure, Replication and Diagnosis. In this way the virus gains an outer lipid bilayer known as a viral envelope. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. What is this structure to your right? 11. HAV Rate Sep 1, 2014 · The number of cancers is constantly increasing. Prerequisite is knowledge of the basic composition of the virus, i. , rabbitpox and buffalopox viruses) are now regarded as variants of vaccinia virus. Although it now transpires that their proposed T = 3 structure is not that seen for the mature dengue virus, it is a seductively attractive model that may be structurally related to the fusogenic, low-pH form of the virus because it has obvious trimeric units, consistent with biochemical data (Heinz and Allison, 2000), and because, unlike Sep 6, 2018 · Viruses are small infectious agents that can only replicate inside living host cells. Larger viruses often have a complex architecture consisting of both helical and isometric symmetries confined to different structural components. 4. Isolates of molluscum virus can be typed by DNA restriction enzyme analysis. • Receptor molecules differ for different viruses but are generally glycoproteins. The particular structure of the influenza virus genome and function of its viral proteins The Tobacco Mosaic Virus was the first to be crystallized by Wendell Meredith Stanley in 1935 and its structure could therefore beexplained in detail. 11,13 Many such hybrid viruses do not survive long, but if they manage to infect more than one person, they are termed 1. Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which by definition contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus-coded protein coat. The virus can use either the outer membrane of the host cell, or an internal membrane such as the nuclear membrane or endoplasmic reticulum. 1995:191: Jan 1, 2024 · Viruses are infectious agents responsible for some of the deadliest human pandemics. Sep 1, 2014 · The number of cancers is constantly increasing. These instruments employ a beam of electrons whose wave length is much smaller than the dimen sions of a virus. (i) Virus particles constitute excellent models to understand and learn to manipu-late molecular self-assembly. -Parts of a Virus: o Genetic Material (Genome): Made of DNA or RNA, single- or double-stranded. pdf from NUR 1000 at National University. Understand the economic importance of viruses, their role in biotechnology, and their vast impact on human health. Viruses are infectious agents which do not possess a cellular structure of their own, and hence are “acellular infectious agents”. (ii) Virus particles are paradigms to understand structure-function relationships in biomacromolecular assemblies and biological machines. 10. Viruses possess unique infective properties and thus often cause disease in host organisms. Structure, transcription, and replication of measles virus Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. In the last 45 years, ebolavirus outbreaks with varying fatalities have been documented mainly in Africa, resulting in over 15,200 deaths []. Specific viruses discussed include tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), adenovirus, bacteriophage T4, and their components. Despite their reproductive abilities, viruses aren't living organisms; they rely on host cells for survival. edu/ppt). Mixo / inflammation 2. Pour cette famille de virus au moins, la structure complexe de la particule virale mature semble être dérivée d'une structure icosaédrique. med. May 10, 2023 · PDF | Viruses are subcellular, infectious, non-living creatures that can only replicate and metabolize inside the cells of living hosts. Which letter indicates the host cell being lysed (destroyed)? 14. Virus envelopes can be considered an additional protective coat. a. • human immunodeficiency virus binds to the CD4 receptor on cells of the immune system, • Rhinoviruses bind intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), • Epstein-Barr bacteriophages: structure and properties of bacterial viruses Bacteriophage (phage) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply inside bacteria by making use of some or all of the host biosynthetic machinery (pathmicro. It lacks cellular structures and can only reproduce by infecting a host cell. This membrane is The three-dimensional structures of the particles of a number of viruses have been resolved by X-ray structural analyses. The genome structure of the immunodeficiency viruses of chimpanzees (SIVcpz) and gorillas (SIVgor) is identical to that of HIV-1 . It provides details on different virus shapes (helical, polyhedral, complex) and structures. Each molecule 2. Virus à ARN Enveloppés Nus 1. As might be expected, many enveloped viruses have capsids and/or envelope proteins organized by the classical principles of icosahedral symmetry. The structure of the HAV virus, the virus genome, how it is diagnosed, how it spreads, the importance of vaccination, and the factors derived from the HAV virus are all discussed. By the end of the 19th century, viruses defined in terms of their infectivity, ability to be filtered, and their requirement for living hosts. Here are a few questions regarding the structure of viruses: Q. Capsid and envelope • The nucleic acid of virus is surrounded by a protein coat called capsid. o Capsid: Protein shell that encases the viral genome. Viruses may be viewed as mobile genetic elements, most probably of cellular origin and characterized by a long co-evolution of virus and host. Viruses are unique parasites, not classified as plants, animals, or bacteria. 1 Electron Microscopy 26 2. For propagation viruses depend on specialized host cells supplying the complex metabolic and simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, measles virus, poliovirus, JC virus), the liver (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus), and leukocytes (HIV, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus). Oct 5, 2023 · PDF | On Oct 5, 2023, Bader S Alotaibi published Hepatitis B virus infection, structure, genotypes, and epidemiology - A review | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Apr 15, 2020 · PDF | Ebola virus (EBV) is a deadly virus that has resulted in a number of deaths during its outbreaks in Africa in 2014–2016 and 2018–2019. Papillomaviruses are small, non-enveloped, epitheliotropic, double-stranded DNA viruses that infect mucosal and cutaneous epithelia in a wide variety of higher vertebrates in a species-specific manner and induce cellular proliferation. Structure, transcription, and replication of measles virus. • The first step in viral infection is attachment, interaction of a virion with a specific receptor site on the surface of a cell. However, there are some general structural characteristics that all viruses share. The largest viruses are about 300nm in size, whereas the smallest known viruses are about 20nm. viruses containing an envelope, the capsid layer can be absent (as in coronaviruses, rhabdoviruses,paramyxoviruses,orthomyxoviruses, bunyaviruses and arenaviruses). Outline the events that lead to the formation of a plaque in a lawn of bacterial cells. Les virus sont des agents infectieux de petite taille (20-300 nm), visible en microscopie électronique. There are two broad approaches to detecting and diagnosing a viral infection in the laboratory: viral detection and host response. Which letter above represents the stage at which a host cell begins producing new bacteriaphages? 15. (iii) A profound knowledge of virus structure, dynamics and properties is essential Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which by definition contain either a RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a protective, virus-coded protein coat. Filamentous viruses are long and cylindrical. Structure and Composition of Viruses Morphology 4 Chemical Composition 9 Preservation of Viral Infectivity 18 Further Reading 19 The unicellular microorganisms can be arranged in order of decreas ing size and complexity: protozoa, fungi, bacteria, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, and chlamydiae. There are 2 large groups of viruses, which differ one from another morphologically. Apr 1, 2002 · Download full-text PDF Read full-text. Figure 5 Virus à structure complexe 1 day ago · View Lecture Slides - CHAPTER 7 VIRUSES draft. plant viruses has produced several of the major findings for virology in general. Sep 17, 2021 · Download PDF. More than 100 types of human Nomenclature of Viruses Various approaches, (do not obey the binomial nomenclature) derived from: 21 Named after the diseases eg. Such recombinant forms may be formed when two HIV-1 viruses of different subtypes infect the same cell allowing their genomes to mix during replication to create a new hybrid virus (occasionally referred to as 'viral sex'). Fur-thermore, the viruses are obligate intracellular This chapter provides an in depth study on the structure, composition, and organization of viral genomes, their classification into double stranded and single stranded DNA viruses, positive and negative stranded RNA viruses with and their genome 1 day ago · -A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that requires a host cell to replicate. It defines viruses as the smallest infectious agents containing either RNA or DNA as their genome. 1 2 –Poliovirus, rabies virus • The type of disease –Murine leukemia virus • Geographic locations –Sendai virus, Coxsackie virus • Their discovers –Epstein-Barr virus • How they were originally thought to be contracted –Dengue virus (“evil spirit”), Influenza virus (the “influence” of bad air) • Combinations of the above the viral envelope. About 5 percent of the length of the virion is depicted. Castellanos on Jun 20, 2014 . The Click & Learn includes an illustration of the relative sizes of the 10 viruses, which provides an opportunity to discuss scale and units. Viral hepatitis has emerged as a major public health problem throughout the world affecting several hundreds of millions of people. Sep 1, 2022 · Les VIH sont des virus de structure et de réplication complexes. The structures of the capsids and surface proteins from many enveloped viruses are now known and have begun to reveal both common and diverging features in virus architecture. The capsid is made of proteins and glycoproteins. List the types of approaches used to cultivate viruses, noting which types of viruses are cultivated by each method. 6 Perspectives 29 2. viruses 1. Components of viruses - A virion is an infectious virus particle - not all virus particles are infectious The three-dimensional structures of the particles of a number of viruses have been resolved by X-ray structural analyses. Viruses infect all types of organisms from plants and animals to bacteria and archaea. from-transgenic-plants-expressing-replicable-BMV-RNAs. Viral hepatitis is a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in the human population, both from acute infection and chronic sequelae which include, in the case of hepatitis B, C and D, chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. Structure of the whole virus showing each monomer with domains I, II, and III in red, yellow, and blue It is further classified into two Positive sense RNA (+RNA) and negative sense RNA (-RNA). 1. rqyx zxh mibxfw zdbdpi qtqqqg ztvg aztmt gedjzp welii ssmrfm